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Climbing

just a month ago most of the mountain forests had not yet sprouted. Have sufficed a few weeks of mild temperatures and a few days longer so that the tips of the trees were opened suddenly changing the face of our forests. A week ago we had an internship with the college students in the district of Casu (Asturies) and we could enjoy the beech trees at one of the most beautiful time of year when newly opened buds give way to deep green leaves, they only stay for a few weeks.

The forests are clean faye and clear, that unlike the oak tend to have cleared the ground with little understory. This garden gives them a completely different from other forests located at lower altitudes, which as Carbayeda have a greater presence of other species that will give these courses a more tangled.

an hour from the siding where we left the car on the road to Tarna, we arrive at the L'Mayada Ablan, where you can enjoy stunning views of Osu l'Cantu The black and Monte Cuito Fabucao. Thereafter, the track up the valley will take us another hour journey, very gentle and always within the forest.

The trail frequently crosses paths with small rivulets descending from the mountains and that these dates are still spring snowmelt, but soon dry up. In these shady, moist areas abound amphibians such as salamanders and frogs Dartford vermilion.

As we approach the meadow, the forest opens and in many of the clear look of old fallen logs faille, some huge, probably the wind has dropped after that its trunk had rotted from within.

The valley opens into a wide and long valley surrounded by mountains, some of which still remains from the snows of winter. On one side, including brooms, runs the Arroyo de Vegapociellu who maintains a small trout population, which surely has been introduced by the pastors for decades. These translocations of trout from the lower reaches of head to Las Vegas was a common practice for years and gave them to the shepherds an additional source of food during the summer months. Many of these trout populations disappeared when they stopped releasing fish, but some, as in many rivers in the Picos de Europa and Network, managed maintained over time without further external assistance.

is true the saying that the forest often prevents us from seeing the trees, so it was worth it when we returned to the car to look at some impressive specimens that we were leaving behind. Some faille and huge oak trees several meters in diameter and several hundred years old, many still alive, although with hollow logs and other already dead but still standing, twisted and broken as if someone or something had wroth with them .

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Vegapociellu phenological differences in reproduction of birds

In our latitudes, most animals reproduce in the season of greatest resource abundance. Thus ensures that the offspring when they are born with enough food to grow and develop. But within the same species, there may be differences between individuals in the onset of reproduction that can sometimes be several months within the same breeding season.

These phenological differences in birds usually due to two main causes, especially in long-lived species and mainly monogamous. First, older individuals are often the dominant and so are the first to refine the best places to play, while young and inexperienced have to wait for free places are usually those of poorer quality, before starting playback. Second, those partners who have already played in previous years will not have to spend time searching for another individual of the opposite sex and spend less time courting stage, so that lay eggs earlier.

In some species of seabirds such as shag, these differences can be as high as four or five months. In the western population of Asturias where we worked for years is not uncommon in the month of April has partners with large chicks fully feathered, with other couples that are still incubating.



In the previous video, taken two weeks ago can see a nest with two chicks fully feathered about to leave the nest, although they are still fed by parents. Meanwhile, a short distance from the nest were two other nests, one that still contained 3 eggs and other chickens medium.

These differences in laying date have important implications for chickens, as has been shown to shag chicks leave the nest before they are dominant when they arrive at the nursery where they are concentrated ( Ensuring, 2000). This implies that dominance status may choose the best sites will less risk of predation and being swept away by waves during storm surges.

NOTE: If you are interested in the issue of shags and the study we are doing for years, the next 12th May at 22:00 in the program The Sea of \u200b\u200bRTPA Asturias, a small issue story on our work. References


Ensuring , A. (2000). The Importance of hatching date for dominance in young shags Animal Behaviour, 60 (2), 181-185 DOI: 10.1006/anbe.2000.1445

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Shepherding the flock

All night the herd had been grouped. Pastors are not separated from cattle at any time, as if sensing that a crowd was waiting for predators to catch any neglect of the helpless animals. Although any of us could think of a herd of cows or sheep in the care of a pastor, in reality it was a small group of aphids that were fiercely guarded by a small number of ants (Formica pratensis ) not hesitate to attack anyone who approached.

ants always seemed some amazing creatures, when I was little I spent my idle hours watching them work and move from side to side, along dirt roads that left the nest in all directions. But of all known species of ants, the larger, stronger, and in short, the heads of all the tribes of ants, red ants were (both as F. rufa F. pratensis .) Fire ants were out hunting and capable of catching insects huge compared to them, killed and butchered and then wore each of the pieces to the nest. Never went home to eat sugar and cooked foods, as did the black ants. The jackets and fire ants were not satisfied with our waste. And last but not least if you came to the hill you are climbing the legs, I threw a bit and you liquidillo (which years later I was formic acid) that itched and smelled funny.

Shepherding the flock

But besides great jackets, fire ants, like other species of ants, herds of cattle were milked for an extra intake of sugars. They were like the Masai, hunters and shepherds. Ants establish a mutualistic relationship with aphids ( Aphidae ) in which both will benefit: the ants protect the aphids of predators such as ladybugs and lacewings, and in return they give their protective excess sap from plants they parasitize.

Ant soldier defending the herd of aphids

The herds were monitored and protected by soldiers, some ants in a similar way to other ants in the nest but bigger, with more heads wider and more developed with tweezers. Within the society of ants there are several breeds that have different roles for the community. On one hand, reproductive castes are formed by kings and queens who are those responsible for producing eggs and fertilize them, and moreover are occupational castes which are divided according to their tasks in workers and soldiers and among the workers there are some who care for the eggs and larvae, others who are responsible for cleaning and caring for other livestock.

Ant working "order" after stimulating an aphid with its antennae

Aphids suck sap from plants on which they settle and stimulate ants with their antennae to release the surplus of molasses and then consumed. But that's overwhelming sap that the aphids are not for personal use, as only a part digested by them, most are divided among the rest of the colony.

Obrera "talking" with a soldier

When a worker who has just milking an aphid is another member of their colony, the first thing they do is rub their antennae to communicate . If the soldier is hungry regurgitate part of the working fluid for feeding.

Workers feeding a soldier

From that time established a chain of favors and individuals with other ants are more hungry they will transfer part of food that are in the stomach.

ants work not only to clean up and monitor the herd. If for some reason the food plant withers or dies, the workers they'll take lightly the aphids from their claws and take them to another plant next to continue feeding.

Nature once again shows us once again that our species is not very original, even small insects than 1 cm in length and were farmers many millions of years before the first human being put in place.

NOTE: Just click on photos to enlarge